Post-retirement work is linked to increased life satisfaction, but this relationship is significantly influenced by gender and type of employment.
New studies show that men who continue working after the legal retirement age, even without financial need, generally report higher levels of satisfaction. In contrast, women primarily experience this sense of fulfillment only in high-paying and socially prestigious jobs. This distinction highlights the profound impact of decades-old traditional gender roles, which have defined work as a core component of male identity.
An analysis of extensive data from thousands of retirees over a long period indicates that continued professional activity remains a source of meaning and identity for men, regardless of their job type. This not only reinforces their sense of purpose but also maintains their social networks and professional relationships.
Conversely, women tend to continue working only when their jobs offer clear and significant financial and social status advantages. This is likely due to historical social expectations that have prioritized women’s family roles and treated their employment as secondary.
Another interesting point is the relationship between health and employment in the post-retirement years. Although it seems that those who work after retirement enjoy better health, research suggests this correlation might be reversed. In fact, individuals who already have better physical and mental health are more willing and able to continue working. Thus, better health may not be the result but rather the motivation for continuing professional activities.
These findings have significant implications for individuals, organizations, and policymakers. For men, part-time, consultancy, or even volunteer work can provide a better path for their retirement years. For women, attaining high-income, high-prestige positions during their active working years is not only a professional achievement but also an investment in future well-being.
From an organizational perspective, designing inclusive and flexible work environments that can leverage the experience and potential of the elderly population is crucial. At a macro level, policymakers can also contribute to increasing the satisfaction and health of older adults by redefining retirement frameworks and encouraging gradual and flexible work patterns.
This research emphasizes that retirement does not necessarily mean a complete stop but can be an opportunity for meaningful activities, albeit with different definitions for different groups. Understanding these differences is key to designing pathways that enhance life satisfaction in this critical stage.
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